Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic

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Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic[1] Қазақ Советтік Социалистік Республикасы (Kazakh) Казахская Советская Социалистическая Республика (Russian)
1936–1991
Flag (1953–1991) State emblem (1978–1991)
Motto: "Барлық елдердің пролетарлары, бірігіңдер!" "Barlyq elderdıñ proletarlary, bırıgıñder!"(transliteration) "Proletarians of all countries, unite!"
Anthem: "Қазақ Советтік Социалистік Республикасының мемлекеттік гимны" "State Anthem of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic"
Location of Kazakhstan (red) within the Soviet Union
Status	Soviet socialist republic
Capital	Alma-Ata
Largest cities	Karaganda Pavlodar Shymkent Shakhtinsk Nikolsk
Official languages	Kazakh · Russian
Minority languages	Uzbek · Uyghur · Tatar · Kyrgyz · Azerbaijani · Korean
Religion	State atheism
Demonym(s)	Kazakh Soviet
Government	Unitary Marxist-Leninist one-party soviet republic (1936–1990) Unitary presidential republic (1990–1991)
First Secretary
• 1936–1938 (first)	Levon Mirzoyan
• 1991 (last)[2]	Nursultan Nazarbayev
Head of state
• 1936–1937 (first)	Ukakbai Zeldirbayuly K.
• 1990 (last)	Nursultan Nazarbayev
Head of government
• 1936–1937 (first)	Uraz Isayev
• 1991 (Last)	Sergey Tereshchenko
Legislature	Supreme Soviet
History
• Elevation to a Union Republic	5 December 1936
• Jeltoqsan riots	16 December 1986
• Sovereignty declared	25 October 1990
• Renamed Republic of Kazakhstan	10 December 1991
• Independence declared	16 December 1991
• Independence recognised	26 December 1991
HDI (1991)	0.684 medium
Currency	Soviet rouble (Rbl) (SUR)
Time zone	(UTC+4 to +6)
Calling code	+7 31/32/330/33622
ISO 3166 code	SU
Internet TLD	.su
Preceded by Succeeded by Kazakh ASSR Kazakhstan
Today part of	Kazakhstan

Eastern Bloc
Republics of the USSR Armenia Azerbaijan Byelorussia Estonia Georgia Kazakhstan Kirghizia Latvia Lithuania Moldavia Russia Tajikistan Turkmenia Ukraine Uzbekistan
Allied and satellite states Afghanistan Albania (until 1961) Angola Benin Bulgaria China (until 1961) Congo Cuba Czechoslovakia East Germany Ethiopia Grenada Hungary Kampuchea Laos Mongolia Mozambique North Korea Poland (until 1989) Romania Somalia (until 1977) South Yemen Vietnam (North Vietnam, PRG) Yugoslavia (until 1948)
Related organizations Warsaw Pact Comecon Cominform World Federation of Trade Unions World Federation of Democratic Youth
Dissent and opposition Anti-Soviet partisans Albania Bulgaria Croatia Poland Romania Serbia Ukraine Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Soviet occupation Estonia Latvia Lithuania Operation Jungle Protests and uprisings Poland 1944–1989 Poznań 1956 1980–89 Plzeň 1953 East Germany 1953 Georgia 1956 Hungary 1956 Novocherkassk 1962 Prague 1968 Invasion Moscow Czechoslovakia 1976–90 Romania 1977 Kazakhstan 1986 Brașov 1987 Tbilisi 1989 Ukraine 1989–1991 Baku 1990 Lithuania 1991 Riga 1991
Cold War events Marshall Plan Czechoslovak coup Tito–Stalin split Berlin Blockade Korean War Secret Speech Sino-Soviet split Albanian–Soviet split De-satellization of the Socialist Republic of Romania Berlin Wall Cuban Missile Crisis Vietnam War Cuban intervention in Angola Afghan War 1980 Moscow Olympics 1984 Los Angeles Olympics Gulf War
Fall Singing Revolution Polish Round Table Agreement Revolutions of 1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall January Events Barricades in Latvia Breakup of Yugoslavia Yugoslav Wars End of the Soviet Union Post-Soviet conflicts Fall of communism in Albania Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
v t e

Part of a series on the
History of Kazakhstan
Ancient Scythia Saka Wusun Kangju Kingdom Huns
Khanates Rouran 330–555 Turkic (Göktürks) 552–745 Karluk 665–744 Kimek 743–1220 Oghuz 750–1055 Kara-Khanid 840–1212 Qara Khitai 1124–1218 Mongol Empire 1206–1368 Golden Horde 1240s–1446 Uzbek Khanate 1428-1465 Kazakh Khanate 1465–1847
Post-nomadic period Russian Turkestan 1867–1918 Governor-Generalship of the Steppes 1882–1918 Alash Autonomy 1918–1920 Kirghiz ASSR 1920–1925 Kazakh ASSR 1925–1936 Kazakh SSR 1936–1991 Republic of Kazakhstan 1991–present
Topics Culture Geography Healthcare Religion Buddhism Eastern Orthodoxy Islam Judaism
Other Outline of Kazak military history Bibliography of Kazak history
v t e

The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Kazakhstan, the Kazakh SSR, or simply Kazakhstan, was one of the transcontinental constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. Located in northern Central Asia, it was created on 5 December 1936 from the Kazakh ASSR, an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR.

At 2,717,300 square kilometres (1,049,200 sq mi) in area, it was the second-largest republic in the USSR, after the Russian SFSR. Its capital was Alma-Ata (today known as Almaty). During its existence as a Soviet Socialist Republic, it was ruled by the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR (QKP).

On 25 October 1990, the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR declared its sovereignty on its soil. QKP first secretary Nursultan Nazarbayev was elected president in April of that year – a role he remained in until 2019.

The Kazakh SSR was renamed the Republic of Kazakhstan on 10 December 1991, which declared its independence six days later, as the last republic to secede from the USSR on 16 December 1991. The Soviet Union was officially dissolved on 26 December 1991 by the Soviet of the Republics. The Republic of Kazakhstan, the legal successor to the Kazakh SSR, was admitted to the United Nations on 2 March 1992.