Gloucester County, Virginia

Gloucester County
Gloucester County Courthouse Square, historic district
Gloucester County Courthouse Square, historic district
Official seal of Gloucester County
Map of Virginia highlighting Gloucester County
Location within the U.S. state of Virginia
Map of the United States highlighting Virginia
Virginia's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°24′N 76°31′W / 37.4°N 76.52°W / 37.4; -76.52
Country United States
State Virginia
Founded1651
Named forHenry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester
SeatGloucester Courthouse
Largest communityGloucester Point
Area
 • Total288 sq mi (750 km2)
 • Land218 sq mi (560 km2)
 • Water70 sq mi (200 km2)  24.4%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total38,711
 • Density130/sq mi (52/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitegloucesterva.info

Gloucester County (/ˈɡlɒstər/ GLOST-ər)[1] is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,711.[2] Its county seat is Gloucester Courthouse.[3] The county was founded in 1651 in the Virginia Colony and is named for Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester (third son of King Charles I of England).

Gloucester County is included in the Virginia BeachNorfolkNewport News, VA–NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Located at the east end of the lower part of the Middle Peninsula, it is bordered on the south by the York River and the lower Chesapeake Bay on the east. The waterways shaped its development. Gloucester County is about 60 miles (97 km) east of Virginia's capital, Richmond.

Werowocomoco, capital of the large and powerful Powhatan Confederacy (a union of 30 indigenous tribes under a paramount chief), was located on this part of the peninsula. In 2003 archeologists established that dense village had been located at this site from AD 1200 to the early 17th century.

The county was developed by colonists primarily for tobacco plantations, based on the labor of enslaved Africans imported in the slave trade. Tobacco was one of the first commodity crops but fishing also developed as an important industry. The county was home to numerous planters who were among the First Families of Virginia and leaders before the American Revolutionary War. Thomas Jefferson wrote early works for Virginia and colonial independence while staying at Rosewell Plantation, home of John Page (his close friend and fellow student at the College of William and Mary).

Gloucester County is rich in farmland. Its fishing industry is important to the state as well. It has a retail center located around the main street area of the county seat. Gloucester County and adjacent York County are linked by the George P. Coleman Memorial Bridge, a toll facility across the York River carrying U.S. Route 17 to the Virginia Peninsula area. Gloucester County is self-nicknamed the "Daffodil Capital of the World"; it hosts an annual daffodil festival, parade and flower show.

  1. ^ "Virginia Placenames Pronunciation". cohp.org. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017.
  2. ^ "Gloucester County, Virginia". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.